Ternary operators in java with examples

Java Ternary Operator

In Java, a ternary operator can be used to replace the if. else statement in certain situations. Before you learn about the ternary operator, make sure you visit Java if. else statement.

Ternary Operator in Java

A ternary operator evaluates the test condition and executes a block of code based on the result of the condition.

condition ? expression1 : expression2;

Here, condition is evaluated and

• if condition is true , expression1 is executed.
• And, if condition is false , expression2 is executed.

The ternary operator takes 3 operands ( condition , expression1 , and expression2 ). Hence, the name ternary operator.

Example: Java Ternary Operator

import java.util.Scanner; class Main < public static void main(String[] args) < // take input from users Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter your marks: "); double marks = input.nextDouble(); // ternary operator checks if // marks is greater than 40 String result = (marks >40) ? "pass" : "fail"; System.out.println("You " + result + " the exam."); input.close(); > >

Enter your marks: 75 You pass the exam.

Suppose the user enters 75. Then, the condition marks > 40 evaluates to true . Hence, the first expression pass is assigned to result .

Enter your marks: 24 You fail the exam.

Now, suppose the user enters 24. Then, the condition marks > 40 evaluates to false . Hence, the second expression fail is assigned to result .

When to use the Ternary Operator?

In Java, the ternary operator can be used to replace certain types of if. else statements. For example,

You can replace this code

class Main < public static void main(String[] args) < // create a variable int number = 24; String result = (number >0) ? "Positive Number" : "Negative Number"; System.out.println(result); > >

Here, both programs give the same output. However, the use of the ternary operator makes our code more readable and clean.

Note: You should only use the ternary operator if the resulting statement is short.

Nested Ternary Operators

It is also possible to use one ternary operator inside another ternary operator. It is called the nested ternary operator in Java.

Here’s a program to find the largest of 3 numbers using the nested ternary operator.

class Main < public static void main(String[] args) < // create a variable int n1 = 2, n2 = 9, n3 = -11; // nested ternary operator // to find the largest number int largest = (n1 >= n2) ? ((n1 >= n3) ? n1 : n3) : ((n2 >= n3) ? n2 : n3); System.out.println("Largest Number: " + largest); > >

In the above example, notice the use of the ternary operator,

(n1 >= n2) ? ((n1 >=n3) ? n1 : n3) : ((n2 >= n3) ? n2 : n3);

• (n1 >= n2) — first test condition that checks if n1 is greater than n2
• (n1 >= n3) — second test condition that is executed if the first condition is true
• (n2 >= n3) — third test condition that is executed if the first condition is false

Note: It is not recommended to use nested ternary operators. This is because it makes our code more complex.

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Ternary operators in java with examples

String securityAnswer = (man.getAge() >= 18 && (man.hasTicket() || man.hasCoupon()) && !man.hasChild()) ? «Проходите!» : «Вы не можете пройти!»; Ну это ещё достаточно читаемо )), не думаю что если запихать это в «if else» станет намного легче.

Если что, можно выводить на экран сразу с тернарником — строка 5 из последнего «правильного» подхода. Но если потом переменная нужна, то придется объявить.

Это для кого статья? Я получи ссылку на неё на 3-м уровне,но уже в первом примере много чего непонятно. Как я должен понять,что там вообще происходит? Всё,что до 17-й строки,что это такое? Да даже если с 17 смотреть. Вот-вот переход на 4-й уроветь. А что такое в параметрах main » String[] args» Почему ничего из этого не объясняется?

Подскажите, пожалуйста, возможно ли использовать тернарный оператор внутри цикла while? Если условие выполняется — вывод текста, если нет — завершение цикла. Как выводить один или второй текст, понятно. А как реализовать вывод текста или прерывание цикла не понятно.

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Ternary operators in java with examples

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Ternary Operator in Java with Examples

Ternary operator is the only operator in java that takes three operands. A ternary operator starts with a condition followed by a question mark (?), then an expression to execute if the condition is ‘true; followed by a colon (:), and finally the expression to execute if the condition is ‘false’. This operator is frequently used as a one line replacement for if…else statement.

Syntax of Ternary Operator

variable = Condition ? Expression1: Expression2

If condition is true, the Expression1 executes.
If condition is false, the Expression2 executes.

For example:

class JavaExample < public static void main(String[] args) < int age = 16; boolean isAdult = age >= 18 ? true : false; System.out.println("Can Vote? "+isAdult); > >

Equivalent if..else statement:

class JavaExample < public static void main(String[] args) < int age = 16; if(age>=18) < System.out.println("Can Vote? true"); >else < System.out.println("Can Vote? false"); >> >

You can see that a one-liner ternary operation replaced the complete if..else logic we had to write in the second example.

The ternary operator is widely used in programming as it is more readable and simple. The only thing to remember is the syntax of ternary operator, which you can easily remember by practicing few java programs such as:

Ternary operator Flowchart

Ternary operator Example

Displaying whether the given number is positive or negative using Ternary Operator.

public class JavaExample < public static void main(String[] args) < // declared and initialized a int variable int num = -101; //Using ternary operator, we are assigning the "Positive" //or "Negative" String value to the String variable 'sign' //If num>0 then "Positive" is assigned to 'sign' else "Negative" String sign = (num > 0) ? "Positive" : "Negative"; //Display output System.out.println(num+ " is a "+sign+ " Number"); > >

Example 2: Here, we are checking whether the given number is even or odd using ternary operator.

Nested Ternary Operators

We can use a ternary operator inside another ternary operator. This is called nesting of ternary operators. In the example, we are checking whether a given year is leap year or not using nested ternary operator.

In the above example, we used the ternary operator like this:

((year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) ? true : (year % 400 == 0) ? true : false)

Here,
(year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) : This is the first test condition that checks if the year is perfectly divisible by 4 and 100. If this condition is true, then true value is assigned to isLeap variable.

(year % 400 == 0) ? true : false) : If first condition returns false, then this expression is executed. Here instead of expression, we have used another ternary operator. This only executes if main condition returns false. Here we are checking if the year is divisible by 400 or not, if it is then the year is leap year else not a leap year.

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