Содержание
Виджет Text
Text предназначен для отображения и редактирования многострочного текста. Стоит отметить, что данный виджет доступен только в основном пакете tkinter , в пакете tkinter.ttk аналога нет.
Основные параметры конструктора Text:
- bd / borderwidth : толщина границы
- bg/background : фоновый цвет
- fg/foreground : цвет текста
- font : шрифт текста, например, font=»Arial 14″ — шрифт Arial высотой 14px, или font=(«Verdana», 13, «bold») — шрифт Verdana высотой 13px с выделением жирным
- height : высота в строках
- padx : отступ от границ кнопки до ее текста справа и слева
- pady : отступ от границ кнопки до ее текста сверху и снизу
- relief : определяет тип границы, может принимать значения SUNKEN, RAISED, GROOVE, RIDGE
- state : устанавливает состояние кнопки, может принимать значения DISABLED, ACTIVE, NORMAL (по умолчанию)
- width : ширина в символах
- wrap : указывает, каким образом переносить текст, если он не вмещается в границы виджета
from tkinter import * root = Tk() root.title("METANIT.COM") root.geometry("250x200") editor = Text() editor.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=1) root.mainloop() 
Перенос текста
Иногда предложения в текстовом поле могут быть очень большими, что могут не помещаться в отведенное для них пространство виджета. В этом случае большое значение имеет стратегия переноса, которая устанавливается с помощью параметра wrap . Этот параметр может принимать следующие параметры:
- none : переносы отстуствуют, но можно сделать горизонтальную прокрутку
- char : переносы осуществляются по символам
- word : переносы осуществляются по словам
from tkinter import * root = Tk() root.title("METANIT.COM") root.geometry("250x200") char_editor = Text(height=5, wrap="char") char_editor.pack(anchor=N, fill=X) word_editor = Text(height=5, wrap="word") word_editor.pack(anchor=S, fill=X) root.mainloop() 
Прокрутка текста
Используя Scrollbar, можно добавить в Text прокрутку текста:
from tkinter import * from tkinter import ttk root = Tk() root.title("METANIT.COM") root.geometry("250x200") root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight = 1) root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight = 1) editor = Text(wrap = "none") editor.grid(column = 0, row = 0, sticky = NSEW) ys = ttk.Scrollbar(orient = "vertical", command = editor.yview) ys.grid(column = 1, row = 0, sticky = NS) xs = ttk.Scrollbar(orient = "horizontal", command = editor.xview) xs.grid(column = 0, row = 1, sticky = EW) editor["yscrollcommand"] = ys.set editor["xscrollcommand"] = xs.set root.mainloop() Здесь для виджета определяются две полосы прокрутки — вертикальная и горизонтальная, соответственно, для каждой определяется свой элемент Scrollbar . Один (ys) имеет вертикальную ориентацию, а второй (xs) — горизонтальную. А у Text устанавливаются команды yscrollcommand и xscrollcommand с помощью соответствующих скроллбаров.
Стоит отметить, что поскольку создание прокрутки для виджета Text является довольно распространенной задачей, то в Tkinter также по умолчанию есть аналог виджета Text с готовой вертикальной прокруткой — ScrolledText (в пакете tkinter.scrolledtext):
from tkinter import * from tkinter.scrolledtext import ScrolledText root = Tk() root.title("METANIT.COM") root.geometry("250x150") st = ScrolledText(root, width=50, height=10) st.pack(fill=BOTH, side=LEFT, expand=True) root.mainloop() Python tkinter scrolledtext frame
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Tkinter ScrolledText
Summary: in this tutorial, you’ll learn how to use the Tkinter ScrolledText widget that consists of a Text widget and vertical Scrollbar widget.
Introduction to the Tkinter ScrolledText widget
So far, you’ve learned how to create a Text widget and how to link a vertical Scrollbar to the text widget.
To make it more convenient, Tkinter provides you with the ScrolledText widget which does the same things as a text widget linked to a vertical scroll bar.
To use the ScrolledText widget, you need to import the ScrolledText class from the tkinter.scrolledtext module.
Technically, the ScrolledText class inherits from the Text class.
The ScrolledText widget uses a Frame widget inserted between the container and the Text widget to hold the Scrollbar widget.
Therefore, the ScrolledText has the same properties and methods as the Text widget. In addition, the geometry manager methods including pack, grid, and place are restricted to the Frame .
Tkinter ScrolledText widget example
The following program illustrates how to create a ScrolledText widget:
import tkinter as tk from tkinter.scrolledtext import ScrolledText root = tk.Tk() root.title("ScrolledText Widget") st = ScrolledText(root, width=50, height=10) st.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, side=tk.LEFT, expand=True) root.mainloop()Code language: JavaScript (javascript)- First, import the tkinter module and the ScrolledText class from the tkinter.scrolledtext module.
- Second, create the root window and set its title to ‘ScrolledText Widget’ .
- Third, create a new ScrolledText widget and display it on the root window.
- Finally, start the main loop.
Here’s the same program but written using the object-oriented programming approach:
import tkinter as tk from tkinter.scrolledtext import ScrolledText class App(tk.Tk): def __init__(self): super().__init__() self.title("ScrolledText Widget") st = ScrolledText(self, width=50, height=10) st.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, side=tk.LEFT, expand=True) if __name__ == "__main__": app = App() app.mainloop() Code language: Python (python)