- How to Change Python String Cases
- How to Check If a String Is in Lowercase/Uppercase
- How to Capitalize the First Letter of a String in Python
- How to Swap Cases in Python
- How to Title Case a String in Python
- Conclusion
- Further Reading
- How to Convert String to Lowercase in Python
- Syntax to Convert String to Lowercase in Python
- Parameters of String lower() Method in Python
- Return Value of lower() Method
- Python lower() Method Compatibility
- Python Programs to Convert Uppercase String to Lowercase Using lower()
- Example 1: Basic Program to Convert String to Lowercase
- Example 2: Program to Convert User Defined Input String to Lowercase
- Points to Be Noted:
- Python Program to Convert String to Lowercase Using casefold()
- Syntax:
- casefold() Parameters
- Return value from casefold()
- Example: Python Lowercase Using casefold()
- When to use casefold()
- Python Program to Convert String to Lowercase Using ASCII Values
- Python Program to Convert String to Lowercase Using Loop
- Example:
- How to Lowercase First Letter of String in Python
- Example:
- Must Read
- Summary
- Python to Lowercase a String – str.lower() Example
- str.lower() Examples in Python
- How to Use upper in Python
How to Change Python String Cases
Dealing with strings in Python is common. One popular operation you may want to perform on a string is to change the case to upper or lower case.
- To convert a Python string to lowercase, use the built-in lower() method of a string.
- To convert a Python string to uppercase, use the built-in upper() method.
"Hello, world".upper() # HELLO WORLD "HELLO, WORLD".lower() # hello world
Let’s see other case conversions in Python.
How to Check If a String Is in Lowercase/Uppercase
You may find it useful to be able to check if a string is already in the lower or upper case. Unsurprisingly, there are built-in methods for doing this in Python.
To test if a string is in uppercase or lowercase in Python, use the built-in isupper() and islower() methods:
"Hello, world".islower() # False "HELLO, WORLD".isupper() # True
How to Capitalize the First Letter of a String in Python
Sometimes you might only want to change the case of the first letter of a string. In this case, you don’t want to convert the entire string to upper case. Because this is such a frequent task to do, there is also a built-in method in Python for capitalizing the first letter of a word.
To capitalize the first letter of a string in Python, use the built-in capitalize() method.
"hello, world".capitalize() # Hello, world
How to Swap Cases in Python
A less frequent operation to perform on a string is to convert lower case letters to upper case and vice versa. If you’re facing this situation, there is a useful built-in function you can use.
To convert each lowercase letter to uppercase and vice versa, use the swapcase() method.
"HELLO, world".swapcase() # hello, WORLD
How to Title Case a String in Python
The title case refers to a string where the first letter of each word is capitalized.
To capitalize the first letter of each word in a string, use the title case converter by calling the title() method.
"hello, world".title() # Hello, World
Conclusion
Today you learned how to convert strings to lowercase and to uppercase in Python. Also, you saw some examples of how to apply other casings too.
Make sure you check out other useful string methods in Python.
Thanks for reading. I hope you find it useful.
Further Reading
How to Convert String to Lowercase in Python
Many times we need to lowercase tons of data which is available in string format. If we try to it manually it will take hours or maybe days. So, we need some method or function which will convert string to lowercase in python.
example usernames of a login system.
We can Convert String to Lowercase in Python with the help of inbuilt string method lower(). The string lower() method converts all uppercase characters in a string into lowercase characters and returns it. And in the given string If there is no uppercase characters exist, it returns the original string.
Syntax to Convert String to Lowercase in Python
The syntax of the lower() method is:
Here str can be any string whose lowercase you want.
Parameters of String lower() Method in Python
The lower() method in python doesn’t take any parameters.
Return Value of lower() Method
The lower() method in Python returns the lowercased string from the given string. It converts all uppercase characters to lowercase.
If no uppercase characters exist, lower() will return the original string.
Python lower() Method Compatibility
Python Programs to Convert Uppercase String to Lowercase Using lower()
Enough talks, now let’s jump straight into the python programs to convert the string to lowercase. Here we are using Python lower() function which converts all the string to lowercase. This is the simple method of changing camel case characters to small letter characters.
Example 1: Basic Program to Convert String to Lowercase
mystr = "Hey guys this is Karan from Python Pool" print(mystr.lower())hey guys this is karan from python pool
The above example showing the output of the lower() function of Python. The output contains no camel case characters in the given string after conversion. Here, before the conversion, the last string word contains all letters in a capital case. The Python also converts these letters to the small letter using lower().
Example 2: Program to Convert User Defined Input String to Lowercase
#lower() with user defined input() str_input = input("Enter string whose lowercase you want: ") print ("The original string you Entered:" ,str_input) print ("String with lower() wp-block-code">Enter string whose lowercase you want: Python pool is Best Place to Learn Python 007 The original string you Entered: Python pool is Best Place to Learn Python 007 String with lower() = python pool is best place to learn python 007Here in the above program, we take the input from the user using the input() function. Then with the help of lower() method, we converted the user-defined string to the lower case.
Points to Be Noted:
- lower() does not take any arguments, Therefore, It returns an error if a parameter is passed.
- Digits and symbols return are returned as it is, Only an uppercase letter is returned after converting to lowercase.
Python Program to Convert String to Lowercase Using casefold()
str.lower() converts the string to lowercase, but it doesn’t convert the case distinctions in the string.
For example, ß in German is equal to double s – ss , and ß itself is already lowercase, therefore, str.lower() will not convert it.
But str.casefold() will convert ß to ss .
Syntax:
The syntax of the casefold() method is:
casefold() Parameters
The casefold() method doesn’t take any parameters.
Return value from casefold()
The casefold() method returns the case folded string value.
Example: Python Lowercase Using casefold()
mystring = "PYTHON IS BesT! PYTHON IS beast" # printing lowercase string using casefold print("Lowercase string:", mystring.casefold())Lowercase string: python is best! python is beastWhen to use casefold()
So, if the purpose is to do case insensitive matching, you should use case-folding.
Here is why you should use casefold() for case insensitive matching and converting lowercase string in Python.
Python Program to Convert String to Lowercase Using ASCII Values
In this program, we are comparing the ASCII values to check there are any uppercase characters. If true, we are converting them to lowercase.
# Python Program to Convert String to Lowercase using ASCII Values string = input("Please Enter your String : ") string1 = '' for i in string: if(ord(i) >= 65 and ord(i) Please Enter your String : Python is Best Language Original String in Uppercase = Python is Best Language The Given String in Lowercase = python is best languageUnicode / ascii_val of lower case alphabets are from 97 to 122.
Unicode / ascii_val of upper case alphabets are from 65 to 90.
so the difference between lower case and uppercase alphabets is 32.
Python Program to Convert String to Lowercase Using Loop
In this Python Program, we will convert the string to lower case using loops. Here in this example, we are using the while loop. You can use the same strategy in for loop as well. You have to just replace while with for.
Example:
# Python Program to Convert String to Lowercase using while loop string = input("Please Enter your Own String : ") string1 = '' i = 0 while(i < len(string)): if(string[i] >= 'A' and string[i] Please Enter your String : Python is Best Language Original String in Uppercase = Python is Best Language The Given String in Lowercase = python is best languageFirst, we used while loop to iterate characters in a String. Inside the While Loop, we used the If Else Statement to check the character is between A and Z or not. If true, we are adding 32 to its ASCII value. Otherwise, we are copying that character to string 1.
How to Lowercase First Letter of String in Python
For converting specific character in the string to lowercase you have to use an index value of string and lower() function. Additional use arithmetic operator to contact remain string.
See below example converting the first letter into a lowercase letter.
Example:
str = "WELCOME TO PYTHON POOL" print(str[0].lower() + str[1:])Must Read
Summary
In this tutorial of Python Lowercase, we learned to transform a given string to lowercase using string.lower() method, string.casefold() and others methods. We used well-detailed examples and all the possible ways.
Do comment if you have any doubt and suggestion on this tutorial.
Python to Lowercase a String – str.lower() Example
Dillion Megida
Strings can be in different formats such as lowercase, capitalized, and uppercase. In this article, I'll show you how to convert a string to lowercase in Python.
A lowercase string has all its characters in small letters. An example is python.
A capitalized string has the first letter of each word capitalized, and the remaining letters are in small letters. An example is Python.
An uppercase string has all its characters in capital letters. PYTHON is an example.
Python has numerous string methods for modifying strings in different ways. To convert a string to lowercase, you can use the lower method.
The lower method of strings returns a new string from the old one with all characters in lowercase. Numbers, symbols, are all other non-alphabetical characters remain the same.
str.lower() Examples in Python
Here's how to use the lower method in Python:
text = "HellO woRLd!" lower = text.lower() print(lower) # hello world! A good use case of the lower method is for comparing strings to evaluate their equality regardless of the case.
In Python, "Hello World" is not equal to "hello world" because equality is case-sensitive as you can see in the code below:
text1 = "Hello World" text2 = "hello world" print(text1 == text2) # False text1 has an upper "H" and "W" whereas text2 has a lower "h" and "w". Because the cases of these characters are different, text1 is not equal to text2 even though they have the same characters.
To compare both strings while ignoring their case, you can use the lower method like this:
text1 = "HeLLo worLD" text2 = "HellO WORLd" print(text1 == text2) # False print(text1.lower() == text2.lower()) # True By converting both strings to lowercase, you can correctly check if they have the same characters.
How to Use upper in Python
The opposite of lowercase is uppercase, and Python also has a method for that as well. As you may have guessed, the upper method in Python returns a new string where all the characters are in uppercase.
You can use it similarly to the lower method like this:
text = "hello World!" upper = text.upper() print(upper) // HELLO WORLD! You can also use this method to check that two strings have the same set of characters. But in most applications today, developers use the lowercase comparison approach.
That's it! Now you know how to convert a string to all lowercase or uppercase letters in Python.
Dillion Megida
Developer Advocate and Content Creator passionate about sharing my knowledge on Tech. I simplify JavaScript / ReactJS / NodeJS / Frameworks / TypeScript / et al My YT channel: youtube.com/c/deeecode
If you read this far, tweet to the author to show them you care. Tweet a thanks
Learn to code for free. freeCodeCamp's open source curriculum has helped more than 40,000 people get jobs as developers. Get started
freeCodeCamp is a donor-supported tax-exempt 501(c)(3) charity organization (United States Federal Tax Identification Number: 82-0779546)
Our mission: to help people learn to code for free. We accomplish this by creating thousands of videos, articles, and interactive coding lessons - all freely available to the public. We also have thousands of freeCodeCamp study groups around the world.
Donations to freeCodeCamp go toward our education initiatives, and help pay for servers, services, and staff.