Php and apache on mac os

Installing Apache, PHP, and MySQL on Mac OS X

I have installed Apache, PHP, and MySQL on Mac OS X since Leopard. Each time doing so by hand. Each version of Mac OS X having some minor difference. This post serves as much for my own record as to outline how to install Apache, MySQL, and PHP for a local development environment on Mac OS X Mountain Lion Mavericks.

I am aware of the several packages available, notably MAMP. These packages help get you started quickly. But they forego the learning experience and, as most developers report, eventually break. Personally, the choice to do it myself has proven invaluable.

It is important to remember Mac OS X runs atop UNIX. So all of these technologies install easily on Mac OS X. Furthermore, Apache and PHP are included by default. In the end, you only install MySQL then simply turn everything on.

First, open Terminal and switch to root to avoid permission issues while running these commands.

Enable Apache on Mac OS X

Note: Prior to Mountain Lion this was an option for Web Sharing in System Preferences → Sharing.

Enable PHP for Apache

OS X Mavericks Update: You will need to rerun the steps in this section after upgrading an existing install to Mac OS X Mavericks.

First, make a backup of the default Apache configuration. This is good practice and serves as a comparison against future versions of Mac OS X.

 
1cd /etc/apache2/
2cp httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak

Now edit the Apache configuration. Feel free to use TextEdit if you are not familiar with vi.

Uncomment the following line (remove # ):

 
1LoadModule php5_module libexec/apache2/libphp5.so

Install MySQL

1. Download the MySQL DMG for Mac OS X
2. Install MySQL
3. Install Preference Pane
4. Open System Preferences → MySQL
5. Ensure the MySQL Server is running
6. Optionally, you can enable MySQL to start automatically. I do.

The README also suggests creating aliases for mysql and mysqladmin . However there are other commands that are helpful such as mysqldump . Instead, I updated my path to include /usr/local/mysql/bin .

 
1export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

Note: You will need to open a new Terminal window or run the command above for your path to update.

I also run mysql_secure_installation . While this isn’t necessary, it’s good practice.

Connect PHP and MySQL

You need to ensure PHP and MySQL can communicate with one another. There are several options to do so. I do the following:

 
1cd /var
2mkdir mysql
3cd mysql
4ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock mysql.sock

Creating VirtualHosts

You could stop here. PHP, MySQL, and Apache are all running. However, all of your sites would have URLs like http://localhost/somesite/ pointing to /Library/WebServer/Documents/somesite. Not ideal for a local development environment.

OS X Mavericks Update: You will need to rerun the steps below to uncomment the *vhost* Include after upgrading an existing install to Mac OS X Mavericks.

To run sites individually you need to enable VirtualHosts. To do so, we’ll edit the Apache Configuration again.

Uncomment the following line:

 
1Include /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

Now Apache will load httpd-vhosts.conf. Let’s edit this file.

 
1vi /etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

Here is an example of VirtualHosts I’ve created.

 
 1 
 2 DocumentRoot "/Library/WebServer/Documents"
 3 
 4
 5 
 6 DocumentRoot "/Users/Jason/Documents/workspace/dev"
 7 ServerName jason.local
 8 ErrorLog "/private/var/log/apache2/jason.local-error_log"
 9 CustomLog "/private/var/log/apache2/jason.local-access_log" common
10
11 
12 AllowOverride All
13 Order allow,deny
14 Allow from all
15 
16 

The first VirtualHost points to /Library/WebServer/Documents . The first VirtualHost is important as it behaves like the default Apache configuration and used when no others match.

The second VirtualHost points to my dev workspace and I can access it directly from http://jason.local. For ease of development, I also configured some custom logs.

Note: I use the extension local. This avoids conflicts with any real extensions and serves as a reminder I’m in my local environment.

In order to access http://jason.local, you need to edit your hosts file.

Add the following line to the bottom:

I run the following to clear the local DNS cache:

Note: You will need to create a new VirtualHost and edit your hosts file each time you make a new local site.

A note about permissions

You may receive 403 Forbidden when you visit your local site. This is likely a permissions issue. Simply put, the Apache user ( _www ) needs to have access to read, and sometimes write, your web directory.

If you are not familiar with permissions, read more. For now though, the easiest thing to do is ensure your web directory has permissions of 755 . You can change permissions with the command:

 
1chmod 755 some_directory/

In my case, all my files were under my local ~/Documents directory. Which by default is only readable by me. So I had to change permissions for my web directory all the way up to ~/Documents to resolve the 403 Forbidden issue.

Note: There are many ways to solve permission issues. I have provided this as the easiest solution, not the best.

Install PHPMyAdmin

Unless you want to administer MySQL from the command line, I recommend installing PHPMyAdmin. I won’t go into the details. Read the installation guide for more information. I install utility applications in the default directory. That way I can access them under, in this case, http://localhost/phpmyadmin.

 
1cd /Library/WebServer/Documents/
2tar -xvf ~/Downloads/phpMyAdmin-3.5.2.2-english.tar.gz
3mv phpMyAdmin-3.5.2.2-english/ phpmyadmin
4cd phpmyadmin
5mv config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php

Closing

A local development environment is a mandatory part of the Software Development Process. Given the ease at which you can install Apache, PHP, and MySQL on Mac OS X there really is no excuse.

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Open your browser and access http://localhost. If it says It Works, then you are set otherwise see if your apachectl has started or not.

Let’s make a backup of the default Apache configuration. This will help you to cross check later what you changed or in case you want to restore the configuration to default.

cd /etc/apache2/ cp httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak 

Now edit the httpd.conf with vi or any other text editor: vi httpd.conf

Now uncomment the following line (Remove #): LoadModule php5_module libexec/apache2/libphp5.so

Now Restart apache: sudo apachectl restart

To install MySQL: brew install mysql

Install brew services now: brew tap homebrew/services

Now start MySQL: brew services start mysql

Now configure MySQL : mysql_secure_installation

• Validate Password Plugin
• Remove anonymous users
• Disallow root login remotely
• Remove test database and access to it
• Reload privilege tables now — Choose yes

After finishing this up, test MySQL: mysql -uroot -p .

It will ask you write the password you set for mysql before. Enter password and then something like this appear:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.19 Homebrew Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> 

Now we need to ensure PHP and MySQL:

cd /var mkdir mysql cd mysql ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock mysql.sock 

All your sites would have URLs like http://locahost/some-site pointing to /Library/WebServer/Documents/some-site.

You may recieve 403 forbidden when you visit your local site. The Apache user( _www ) needs to have access to read, and sometimes write, your web directory.

You can either change permissions like this: chmod 755 directory/ or you can change the ownership of the directory to the apache user and group: chown -R _www:_www directory

This is optional. You can use MySQL through command line but this is a good way to administer MySQL. Download phpmyadmin from site.

cd /Library/WebServer/Documents/ tar -xvf ~/Downloads/phpMyAdmin-4.7.4-english.tar.gz mv phpMyAdmin-4.7.4-english/ phpmyadmin cd phpmyadmin mv config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php 

Done! Done! Done!

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