Java jdk bin path

Как настроить путь JAVA_HOME в Debian 11

Java — это очень популярный язык программирования, который используется при разработке настольного программного обеспечения, мобильных приложений, бизнес-приложений и так далее. Для разработки и запуска Java-приложений требуется установка Java Runtime Environment (JRE) и Java Development Kit (JDK).

После установки JRE и JDK вам также необходимо настроить JAVA_HOME, чтобы многие приложения на базе java работали должным образом. JAVA_HOME — это переменная окружения ОС, которая указывает на каталог, где JDK или JRE установлены в вашей системе. Она должна быть настроена во всех ОС с установленной Java, таких как Linux, Windows и macOS.

В этой статье мы узнаем, как установить Java JDK на ОС Debian, а затем настроить переменные JAVA_HOME и PATH.

Мы выполнили команды и процедуры, упомянутые в этой статье, на системе Debian 11. Эту же процедуру можно выполнить и в других дистрибутивах Linux и более старых версиях Debian.

Установка OpenJDK в Debian

Сначала запустите Терминал в вашей ОС. Перейдите на вкладку Activities в левом верхнем углу рабочего стола. Затем найдите приложение Terminal, набрав соответствующее ключевое слово в строке поиска. В результатах нажмите на значок Терминала, чтобы открыть его.

Теперь в Терминале выполните эту команду от имени sudo, чтобы установить Open JDK.

sudo apt install openjdk-17-jdk

Когда появится запрос на ввод пароля, введите пароль sudo.

Система может запросить подтверждение, указав Y/n. Нажмите y, а затем Enter для подтверждения, после чего начнется установка Open JDK на вашу систему.

Установите путь JAVA_HOME

Узнайте путь установки OpenJDK в вашей системе. Обычно это /usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64/. Чтобы установить путь окружения JAVA_HOME, введите следующую команду в Terminal:

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64

Теперь вы установили путь к JAVA_HOME, вы можете проверить его, выполнив следующую команду в Терминале:

В результате вы увидите значение, хранящееся в переменной JAVA_HOME, как показано на следующем снимке экрана.

Добавьте каталог JAVA bin в переменную PATH

Аналогично пути JAVA_HOME, теперь мы добавим переменную $PATH. Переменная $PATH указывает на каталог bin в каталоге установки JDK. Поскольку расположение каталога JDK уже задано с помощью переменной JAVA_HOME, теперь мы можем просто использовать атрибут JAVA_HOME для задания расположения каталога bфin.

Введите эту команду в Terminal, чтобы добавить каталог Java bin в переменную PATH:

export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

Каталог Java bin будет добавлен к существующей переменной PATH. Чтобы убедиться в этом, выполните следующую команду в Терминале:

Теперь мы установили OpenJDK и настроили переменные JAVA_HOME и PATH, теперь пришло время проверить установку. Для этого в терминале выполните следующую команду:

Ну вот и все! В этой статье вы узнали, как установить переменную JAVA_HOME в вашей ОС Debian. Теперь вы можете легко разрабатывать и запускать JAVA-приложения в своей системе.

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PATH and CLASSPATH

This section explains how to use the PATH and CLASSPATH environment variables on Microsoft Windows, Solaris, and Linux. Consult the installation instructions included with your installation of the Java Development Kit (JDK) software bundle for current information.

After installing the software, the JDK directory will have the structure shown below.

The bin directory contains both the compiler and the launcher.

Update the PATH Environment Variable (Microsoft Windows)

You can run Java applications just fine without setting the PATH environment variable. Or, you can optionally set it as a convenience.

Set the PATH environment variable if you want to be able to conveniently run the executables ( javac.exe , java.exe , javadoc.exe , and so on) from any directory without having to type the full path of the command. If you do not set the PATH variable, you need to specify the full path to the executable every time you run it, such as:

C:\Java\jdk1.7.0\bin\javac MyClass.java

The PATH environment variable is a series of directories separated by semicolons ( ; ). Microsoft Windows looks for programs in the PATH directories in order, from left to right. You should have only one bin directory for the JDK in the path at a time (those following the first are ignored), so if one is already present, you can update that particular entry.

The following is an example of a PATH environment variable:

C:\Java\jdk1.7.0\bin;C:\Windows\System32\;C:\Windows\;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem

It is useful to set the PATH environment variable permanently so it will persist after rebooting. To make a permanent change to the PATH variable, use the System icon in the Control Panel. The precise procedure varies depending on the version of Windows:

1. Select Start, select Control Panel. double click System, and select the Advanced tab.
2. Click Environment Variables. In the section System Variables, find the PATH environment variable and select it. Click Edit. If the PATH environment variable does not exist, click New .
3. In the Edit System Variable (or New System Variable) window, specify the value of the PATH environment variable. Click OK. Close all remaining windows by clicking OK.

1. From the desktop, right click the My Computer icon.
2. Choose Properties from the context menu.
3. Click the Advanced tab (Advanced system settings link in Vista).
4. Click Environment Variables. In the section System Variables, find the PATH environment variable and select it. Click Edit. If the PATH environment variable does not exist, click New .
5. In the Edit System Variable (or New System Variable) window, specify the value of the PATH environment variable. Click OK. Close all remaining windows by clicking OK.

1. From the desktop, right click the Computer icon.
2. Choose Properties from the context menu.
3. Click the Advanced system settings link.
4. Click Environment Variables. In the section System Variables, find the PATH environment variable and select it. Click Edit. If the PATH environment variable does not exist, click New .
5. In the Edit System Variable (or New System Variable) window, specify the value of the PATH environment variable. Click OK. Close all remaining windows by clicking OK.

Note: You may see a PATH environment variable similar to the following when editing it from the Control Panel:

%JAVA_HOME%\bin;%SystemRoot%\system32;%SystemRoot%;%SystemRoot%\System32\Wbem

Variables enclosed in percentage signs ( % ) are existing environment variables. If one of these variables is listed in the Environment Variables window from the Control Panel (such as JAVA_HOME ), then you can edit its value. If it does not appear, then it is a special environment variable that the operating system has defined. For example, SystemRoot is the location of the Microsoft Windows system folder. To obtain the value of a environment variable, enter the following at a command prompt. (This example obtains the value of the SystemRoot environment variable):

Update the PATH Variable (Solaris and Linux)

You can run the JDK just fine without setting the PATH variable, or you can optionally set it as a convenience. However, you should set the path variable if you want to be able to run the executables ( javac , java , javadoc , and so on) from any directory without having to type the full path of the command. If you do not set the PATH variable, you need to specify the full path to the executable every time you run it, such as:

% /usr/local/jdk1.7.0/bin/javac MyClass.java

To find out if the path is properly set, execute:

This will print the version of the java tool, if it can find it. If the version is old or you get the error java: Command not found, then the path is not properly set.

To set the path permanently, set the path in your startup file.

For C shell ( csh ), edit the startup file (~/.cshrc ):

set path=(/usr/local/jdk1.7.0/bin $path)

For bash , edit the startup file ( ~/.bashrc ):

PATH=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0/bin:$PATH export PATH

For ksh , the startup file is named by the environment variable, ENV . To set the path:

PATH=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0/bin:$PATH export PATH

For sh , edit the profile file ( ~/.profile ):

PATH=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0/bin:$PATH export PATH

Then load the startup file and verify that the path is set by repeating the java command:

% source ~/.cshrc % java -version

Checking the CLASSPATH variable (All platforms)

The CLASSPATH variable is one way to tell applications, including the JDK tools, where to look for user classes. (Classes that are part of the JRE, JDK platform, and extensions should be defined through other means, such as the bootstrap class path or the extensions directory.)

The preferred way to specify the class path is by using the -cp command line switch. This allows the CLASSPATH to be set individually for each application without affecting other applications. Setting the CLASSPATH can be tricky and should be performed with care.

The default value of the class path is «.», meaning that only the current directory is searched. Specifying either the CLASSPATH variable or the -cp command line switch overrides this value.

To check whether CLASSPATH is set on Microsoft Windows NT/2000/XP, execute the following:

On Solaris or Linux, execute the following:

If CLASSPATH is not set you will get a CLASSPATH: Undefined variable error (Solaris or Linux) or simply %CLASSPATH% (Microsoft Windows NT/2000/XP).

To modify the CLASSPATH , use the same procedure you used for the PATH variable.

Class path wildcards allow you to include an entire directory of .jar files in the class path without explicitly naming them individually. For more information, including an explanation of class path wildcards, and a detailed description on how to clean up the CLASSPATH environment variable, see the Setting the Class Path technical note.

Previous page: Miscellaneous Methods in System
Next page: Questions and Exercises: The Platform Environment

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Installing the JDK Software and Setting JAVA_HOME

If you do not already have the JDK software installed or if JAVA_HOME is not set, the GlassFish ESB installation will not be successful. The following tasks provide the information you need to install the JDK software and set JAVA_HOME on UNIX or Windows systems. To find out which JDK versions are supported for the operating system you are using, see JDK and JAVA_HOME in Planning for GlassFish ESB Installation .

The GlassFish ESB Installer does not support JDK release 1.6.0_04 in the 64–bit version on the Solaris SPARC or AMD 64–bit environments.

To Install the JDK Software and Set JAVA_HOME on a UNIX System

1. Install the JDK software.
   1. Go to http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp.
   2. Select the appropriate JDK version and click Download. The JDK software is installed on your computer, for example, at /usr/jdk/jdk1.6.0_02. You can change this location.

   export JAVA_HOME=jdk-install-dir 

   export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH 

   JAVA_HOME=jdk-install-dir 

   PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH 

   setenv JAVA_HOME jdk-install-dir 

   setenv PATH $JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH 

   export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH 

   chmod 755 JavaCAPS.bin 

   To Install the JDK Software and Set JAVA_HOME on a Windows System

   1. Install the JDK software.
      1. Go to http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp.
      2. Select the appropriate JDK software and click Download. The JDK software is installed on your computer, for example, at C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_02. You can move the JDK software to another location if desired.
      1. Right click My Computer and select Properties.
      2. On the Advanced tab, select Environment Variables, and then edit JAVA_HOME to point to where the JDK software is located, for example, C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_02.

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