Css tbody border radius

Styling HTML Tables: How to Apply Margin, Border and z-index on Table Elements

The screenshot above illustrates the final result we want to achieve: a table with the first row being the main header and multiple sections, which all have their subheaders.

table class="table" > thead > tr > th >MO/th> th >TU/th> th >WE/th> th >TH/th> th >FR/th> th >SA/th> th >SU/th> /tr> /thead> tbody class="section section-step" > tr class="sub-header" > th colspan="7" > Working hours /th> /tr> tr > td >4/td> td >5/td> td >5/td> td >5/td> td >5/td> td >0/td> td >0/td> /tr> /tbody> tbody class="section section-step" > tr class="sub-header" > th colspan="7" > Workout /th> /tr> tr > td >0.5/td> td >0.5/td> td >0.5/td> td >1/td> td >0.5/td> td >2/td> td >0/td> /tr> /tbody> tbody class="section" > tr class="section-header" > th colspan="7" > Total /th> /tr> tr > td >8.5/td> td >8.5/td> td >9.5/td> td >10/td> td >5.5/td> td >2/td> td >0/td> /tr> /tbody> /table>

Above you see the HTML structure of the table. Inside the element we have our main header and beneath it several elements that represent separate sections of our table, each of which has its own sub header.

Using margin on table elements

As you can see in the screenshot at the beginning of this article, there is some space between the main header and the first section and also between the individual sections. Naive as I am, I first tried to apply margin-top to the elements.

Using border

The simplest solution to achieve a similar result as using margin is to add border-top: 1em onto the elements.

// 1. Needed for making border-top spacing work. .table  border-collapse: collapse; // 1 border-spacing: 0; > .section  border-top: 1em solid transparent; >

All our elements, which need some space around them, have a class .section . For the border-top to work, we have to put border-collapse: collapse on our table.

Using ::before and ::after pseudo elements

Another way of applying some margin on a element is to use a ::before or ::after pseudo element.

.section::before  height: 1em; display: table-row; content: ''; >

This way we basically add a new (empty) row which we can use to add some space at the beginning of our elements.

Depending on the circumstances you might want to reach for either the border method or the pseudo element trick.

Using border-radius on table elements

Next, we want to give our elements a border and apply a border radius. Again we’re out of luck if we try to apply border and border-radius onto the element itself.

// 1. Using box-shadow because otherwise // border-radius doesn't work on . .section-step  border-radius: 0.25em; // 1 box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #ccc; // 1 >

Above you can see how we can use box-shadow instead of border in order to achieve (almost) the same result.

Styling table cells instead

As you may have noticed, our current implementation doesn’t look exactly like the screenshot you saw at the beginning of this article.

The spacing hack works like padding instead of margin

Now that we’ve added the borders, we can see that our spacing hacks do not work like margin but rather like padding . Unfortunately, under these circumstances, if you have a border around a element that must have some space to the previous element, there is no easy solution to achieve this. The only way to solve this is to apply our border styles to the table cells and use some :first-child / :last-child selector magic to achieve the desired layout.

.section-step th, .section-step td  border: 0 solid #ccc; > .section-step th:first-child, .section-step td:first-child  border-left-width: 1px; > .section-step th:last-child, .section-step td:last-child  border-right-width: 1px; > .section-step tr:first-child th, .section-step tr:first-child td  border-top-width: 1px; > .section-step tr:first-child th:first-child, .section-step tr:first-child td:first-child  border-top-left-radius: 0.25em; > .section-step tr:first-child th:last-child, .section-step tr:first-child td:last-child  border-top-right-radius: 0.25em; > .section-step tr:last-child th, .section-step tr:last-child td  border-bottom-width: 1px; > .section-step tr:last-child th:first-child, .section-step tr:last-child td:first-child  border-bottom-left-radius: 0.25em; > .section-step tr:last-child th:last-child, .section-step tr:last-child td:last-child  border-bottom-right-radius: 0.25em; >

In the code snippet above we apply the necessary border styles to the relevant th and td table cell elements. The elements at the corners must have a border radius all element on the edges must have a border. By using :first-child and :last-child selectors we can apply the styles to the correct cells.

Using z-index on table elements

As you can see in the initial screenshot of the final result, a box-shadow has been applied to the sub header, overlaying the following row. If we try to simply apply a box-shadow to the element, we will see that the shadow of the sub header disappears behind the following row.

The box shadow disappears behind the following row

Normally, we would use z-index to raise the sub header above the following row. But as you may have guessed, using relative positioning and z-index on a element doesn’t work either. But we can use our knowledge about the CSS stacking context to solve this problem. Applying position: relative and a z-index to an element creates a new stacking context. But this is not the only way we can achieve this: for example, we can also use transform: translate(0, 0) .

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Wrapping it up

We have to dig deep into the CSS bag of tricks to make some more complicated table layouts work. But the beauty of CSS is that there is always a way to achieve certain things.

We could have made our lives a little easier by overriding the display property of our table elements. But that means you have to explicitly specify the width of each cell to make the columns equally wide. This may be okay in certain cases, but it’s often more convenient to rely on the browser to automatically determine the width of each cell.

References

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Practical CSS tables with rounded corners

03 Oct 2011 There has been some discussion in the past about how or when to use tables in web development. Though, the conclusion is the same: when you’re dealing with tabular data, tables are absolutely required. Designing a table is a challenge — and here I’m not talking only about the way it looks. It’s mostly about how easy is your table to read. If your table isn’t easy to scan, usually users get annoyed as they lose focus when trying to find the right column and row. Having said that, today we’re going to create beautiful and practical tables styled using CSS. Also, jQuery will be used to create fallbacks for older browsers. View demo

What’s so cool about these tables?

• Rounded corners with no images
• Very easy to update — there are no extra CSS id’s or classes added
• User-friendly and easy to read

Rounded table corners

Here’s the trick: while border-collapse ’s default value is separate , we need also to set the border-spacing to 0 .

 table  *border-collapse: collapse; /* IE7 and lower */ border-spacing: 0; >

For IE7 and lower, we need to add a specific line, in order to create a good fallback for the tables.

Then, we just need to round some corners:

 th:first-child  border-radius: 6px 0 0 0; > th:last-child  border-radius: 0 6px 0 0; > th:only-child border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0; >

jQuery hover fallback

You may already know that when it comes about IE6, :hover does not actually work on non-anchor elements.

So, to make it work, instead of the CSS solution we’ve used:

 .bordered tr:hover  background: #fbf8e9; transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out; >

… you could use some jQuery code to simulate the hover effect:

 $('.bordered tr').mouseover(function() $(this).addClass('highlight'); >).mouseout(function() $(this).removeClass('highlight'); >);

… and here are also the styles for the CSS highlight class:

 .highlight  background: #fbf8e9; transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out; >

The above is basically the .bordered tr:hover duplicate.

jQuery zebra fallback

To create the zebra effect, using CSS3, we’ve selected the even rows within the tbody :

 .zebra tbody tr:nth-child(even)  background: #f5f5f5; box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.8) inset; >

Now, the above selector is a CSS3 one — so no support for older browsers. Below you’ll see how we may target and style the even rows for all browsers:

 $(".zebra tbody tr:even").addClass('alternate');

 .alternate  background: #f5f5f5; box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.8) inset; >

Browser support

The tables already degrade very nice on older browsers, so it’s up to you if you want to use also the above jQuery solutions. It’s all about the visitors’ audience you’re targeting.

That’s pretty much it!

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