Creating folder with java

How to create a directory in project folder using Java?

The class named File of the java.io package represents a file or directory (path names) in the system. This class provides various methods to perform various operations on files/directories.

The mkdir() method of this class creates a directory with the path represented by the current object.

Therefore, to create a directory −

• Instantiate the File class by passing the path of the directory you need to create, as a parameter (String).
• Invoke the mkdir() method using the above-created file object.

Example

The following Java example reads the path and name of the directory to be created, from the user, and creates it.

import java.io.File; import java.util.Scanner; public class CreateDirectory < public static void main(String args[]) < System.out.println("Enter the path to create a directory: "); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); String path = sc.next(); System.out.println("Enter the name of the desired a directory: "); path = path+sc.next(); //Creating a File object File file = new File(path); //Creating the directory boolean bool = file.mkdir(); if(bool)< System.out.println("Directory created successfully"); >else < System.out.println("Sorry couldn’t create specified directory"); >> >

Output

Enter the path to create a directory: D:\ Enter the name of the desired a directory: sample_directory Directory created successfully

If you verify, you can observe see the created directory as −

But, if you specify a path in a drive that doesn’t exist, this method will not create the required directory.

For example, if the D drive of my (windows) system is empty and if I specify the path of the directory to be created as −

D:\test\myDirectories\sample_directory

Where the test and myDirectories folders don’t exist, the mkdir() method will not create it.

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How to create a new directory by using File object in Java?

The class named File of the java.io package represents a file or directory (path names) in the system. This class provides various methods to perform various operations on files/directories.

Creating a new directory

The mkdir() method of this class creates a directory with the path represented by the current object.

Therefore, to create a directory −

• Instantiate the File class by passing the path of the directory you need to create, as a parameter (String).
• Invoke the mkdir() method using the above created file object.

Example

Following Java example reads the path and name of the directory to be created, from the user, and creates it.

import java.io.File; import java.util.Scanner; public class CreateDirectory < public static void main(String args[]) < System.out.println("Enter the path to create a directory: "); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); String path = sc.next(); System.out.println("Enter the name of the desired a directory: "); path = path+sc.next(); //Creating a File object File file = new File(path); //Creating the directory boolean bool = file.mkdir(); if(bool)< System.out.println("Directory created successfully"); >else < System.out.println("Sorry couldn’t create specified directory"); >> >

Output

Enter the path to create a directory: D:\ Enter the name of the desired a directory: sample_directory Directory created successfully

If you verify, you can observe see the created directory as −

But, if you specify a path in a drive that doesn’t exist, this method will not create the required directory.

For example, if the D drive of my (windows) system is empty and if I specify the path of the directory to be created as −

D:\test\myDirectories\sample_directory

Where the test and myDirectories folders doesn’t exist, the mkdir() method will not create it.

Creating directory hierarchy

To create a hierarchy of new directories you can using the method mkdirs() of the same class. This method creates the directory with the path represented by the current object, including non-existing parent directories.

Example

import java.io.File; import java.util.Scanner; public class CreateDirectory < public static void main(String args[]) < System.out.println("Enter the path to create a directory: "); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); String path = sc.next(); System.out.println("Enter the name of the desired a directory: "); path = path+sc.next(); //Creating a File object File file = new File(path); //Creating the directory boolean bool = file.mkdirs(); if(bool)< System.out.println("Directory created successfully"); >else < System.out.println("Sorry couldnt create specified directory"); >> >

Output

Enter the path to create a directory: D:\test\myDirectories\ Enter the name of the desired a directory: sample_directory Directory created successfully

If you verify you can observe see the created directory as −

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Creating folder with java

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Creating and Deleting Folders in Java

In this article at OpenGenus, we are going to discuss how to create and delete folders in Java. Folders are called directories in Java. There are various ways for creating and deleting a directory. We will see them one by one.

File Java class of java.io package represents a file or directory in the system. It contains various methods to perform operations on file/ directory.

Creating a folder

mkdir() method of file class is used to create a new directory denoted by the abstract pathname. It returns boolean true or false , if the directory gets created or not respectively.

File file = new File(F:\\opengenus_program); //creating the directory boolean bool = file.mkdir(); 

• Create the object of the File class by passing the path of the directory, as a parameter (String) to the constructor of the File class
• call the mkdir() method using the above created file object

Example of Java code to create a directory using mkdir() method.

import java.io.File; public class CreateDirectory< public static void main(String args[])< //creating a File object File file = new File(F:\\program); //creating the directory boolean bool = file.mkdir(); if(bool)< System.out.println("Directory created successfully"); >else < System.out.println("Directory not created"); >> > 

Creating folder hierarchy

mkdirs() method of file class is used to create the directory named by this abstract pathname, including any necessary but nonexistent parent directories. It returns boolean true if and only if the directory was created, along with all necessary parent directories; false otherwise.

Note: If this operation fails it may have succeeded in creating some of the necessary parent directories.

File file = new File(opengenus_path); //Creating the directory boolean bool = file.mkdirs(); 

Example of java code to create the folder hierarchy using mkdirs() method.

import java.io.File; public class CreateDirectory < public static void main(String args[]) < //Creating a File object File file = new File(path); //Creating the directory boolean bool = file.mkdirs(); if(bool)< System.out.println("Directory created successfully"); >else < System.out.println("Directory not created"); >> > 

Deleting an empty Folder

delete() method of the file class is used to delete an empty directory. It returns false if the directory is not present.

File file = new File("F:\\opengenus\file"); boolean bool = file.delete(); // works only if directory is empty 

Example of Java code to delete a folder.

import java.io.File; public class JavaDeleteDirectory < public static void main(String[] args)< File file = new File("F:\\program"); boolean bool = file.delete();//works only if directory is empty if(bool)< System.out.println("Directory deleted successfully"); >else < System.out.println("Directory not deleted"); >> > 

Deleting non empty Folders Recursively

In Java, we cannot delete folder that are not empty. The workaround is to delete all files first using delete() utility and then, recursively delete empty folders using delete() utility starting from the inner most folders.

delete() function can be used recursively to delete non-empty folders/ directory. We can define a recursive function named recursiveDelete() which will:

• check if the current location is a file or folder
• If it is a file, then it will be deleted
• If it is an empty folder, it will be deleted
• If it is not an empty folder, it will go through all objects within the folder and apply the function recursively

Follow this function carefully:

public static void recursiveDelete(File file) < //to end the recursive loop if (!file.exists()) return; //if directory, go inside and call recursively if (file.isDirectory()) < for (File f : file.listFiles()) < //call recursively recursiveDelete(f); >> //call delete to delete files and empty directory file.delete(); > 

Example of Java code to delete a folder recursively

import java.io.File; public class DeleteFolderRecursively < public static void main(String[] args) < String folder = "F:\\program"; //delete folder recursively recursiveDelete(new File(folder)); >public static void recursiveDelete(File file) < //to end the recursive loop if (!file.exists()) return; //if directory, go inside and call recursively if (file.isDirectory()) < for (File f : file.listFiles()) < //call recursively recursiveDelete(f); >> //call delete to delete files and empty directory file.delete(); System.out.println("Deleted file/folder: "+file.getAbsolutePath()); > > 

With this article at OpenGenus, you have the complete knowledge of creating and deleting folders in Java using the io package. Enjoy.

Kushagra Garg

Computer Science undergraduate at Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) (2017 to till date)

OpenGenus Tech Review Team

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